New: information page on the 2001 World Conference on Racism
Report of the Ireland
Preparatory National Conference
November 2000
National Consultative Committee
On Racism and Interculturalism
In association with the
Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform
And the Department of Foreign Affairs
Preface
The United Nations Global Summit on Racism will be held in South Africa in August 2001, as part of the series of world conferences that previously included the UN Human Rights conference in Vienna (1993) and the UN conference on Women in Beijing (1995).
As part of the preparations for this Summit, a European Preparatory Conference on Racism took place between 11th and 13th of October 2000 in Strasbourg, preceded by a Forum for Non Government Organisations, held on the 10th/11th October.
In the lead up to the Global Summit and the European Preparatory Conference, the NCCRI in association with the Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform and the Department of Foreign Affairs, organised a preparatory national conference with the following purposes:
- To highlight the role and purpose of the Global Summit and European Conference.
- To provide a forum to discuss racism and measures needed to address racism in Ireland.
- To draw up a report of the conference with the emphasis on issues and recommendations that would have relevance to the European and World Conferences.
The approach of the conference in Ireland was consistent with the European preparations for the World Conference, with a strong emphasis on being practical, forward looking and action orientated. The four themes of the European preparatory conference were also reflected in the preparatory conference in Ireland as follows:
1. Legal protection against racism.
2. Policies and practices against racism.
3. Education and awareness raising to combat racism.
4. Information, communication and the media.
Further information about the European preparations for the Global Summit can be found web site: http://www.ecri.coe.int.
October 2000
Report Contents
Executive Summary
Section One: Contexts
Introduction and Purpose of the Conference
Anastasia Crickley, Chairperson NCCRI.
Minister's Address
John O Donoghue, TD, Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform.
The European and World Conferences on Racism
Justin Harman, Permanent Representative of Ireland to the Council of Europe.
Section Two: The Challenge to Address Racism in Ireland
Tania Kaur McFarland, EU Migrants Forum/India Club.
Martin Collins, Pavee Point.
Dr. Jean Pierre Eyanga, Congo Solidarity Group.
Rose Tuelo Brock, Galway One World Centre/Women from Minorities in Europe.
Section Three: Key Themes.
Introduction:
Joan Harbinson, Chief Commissioner, Equality Commission (NI).
Legal protection against racism
Eilis Barry, Legal Advisor, Equality Authority.
Donncha O Connell, Director, Irish Council of Civil Liberties.
Policies and practices against racism
Philip Watt, Director, NCCRI.
Catherine Clancy, Chief Superintendent, An Garda
Síochána.
Education and awareness raising to combat racism
Senator Joe O Toole, General Secretary, Irish National Teachers Organisation.
Kensika Monshengwo, Training Officer NCCRI.
Information, communication and the media
Inez McCormack, President, Irish Congress of Trade Unions.
Nuala Haughey, Journalist with the Irish Times.
Section Four Conclusions, Recommendations and Final Plenary
Niall Crowley, Chief Executive Officer, Equality Authority.
Annex one
Evaluation by Participants
Executive Summary
Introduction
On the 5th of September 2000 the National Consultative Committee on Racism and Interculturalism (NCCRI) with the Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform and the Department of Foreign Affairs organised a Preparatory National Conference in Ireland to prepare for the Global Summit on Racism in South Africa (August 2001) and the European Preparatory Conference on Racism in Strasbourg (October 2000).
The approach adopted for the Preparatory Conference in Ireland was consistent with the Council of Europe preparations for the Global Summit, with a strong emphasis on being practical, forward looking and action orientated and inclusive of a wide variety of voices in Irish society, particularly NGO's and minority ethnic groups The Preparatory Conference brought together 240 representatives of key government and non-government organisations, with the aim of continuing the process of building a consensus approach to addressing racism in Ireland and to contribute to the agenda currently being developed at European and Global levels.
This executive summary of the main report provides a description of the structure and contents of the Preparatory Conference in Ireland, its main conclusions and recommendations.
The purpose of the conference was to:
- Highlight the role of purpose of Global Summit and the European preparations.
- To provide a forum to discuss racism and measures needed to address racism in Ireland.
- To draw up a report of the conference with the emphasis on issues and recommendations that would have a relevance to the Global Summit and European Preparatory Conference.
Executive Summary Section one
The report of the Ireland Preparatory Conference was divided into four sections. Section One provided the contextual basis of the conference. It included an introduction setting out the purpose of the conference by Anastasia Crickley, Chairperson of the NCCRI, which is a specialised body comprising NGO's and State agencies established by the Government to provide advice and to develop initiatives to address racism in Ireland. She emphasised the opportunities provided by the conference and the preparations for the Global Summit to review the past and set down markers for a future free from racism.
This input is followed with an address by John O Donoghue TD, Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform, which outlined the Irish Government's commitment and progress in developing a range of policies to address racism. The Minister's address referred to the four main themes of the European Conference. Under the first
theme, legal protection against racism, the Minister pointed to the new
anti-discrimination legislation in the employment and non-employment areas, which
have been enacted by the Irish Government. A new equality infrastructure has been set up to ensure that the legislation will be overseen and implemented effectively. The
anti-discrimination legislation will allow Ireland to ratify the International Convention
on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) and ratification
is expected to be completed before the end of 2000. Arising out of commitments given in the Good Friday Peace Agreement, the Human Rights Commission Act was enacted in 2000 and provides the legislative basis for a new Human Rights Commission. The Minister further announced that the legislation prohibiting incitement to hatred, which has been in existence for more than ten years, is to be reviewed following criticism of its ineffectiveness.
Under the second theme, 'policies and practices
against racism', the Minister welcomed the Anti-Racism Protocol
for Political Parties and a Declaration of Intent for Candidates
for Elections recently introduced by the National Consultative
Committee on Racism and Interculturalism. He suggested that
the possibility of extending the idea to other areas should
be examined. Initiatives on policing in an intercultural
society have been taken by the Garda Síochána,
the national police force, including the establishment of
a Garda Intercultural Office. The Minister listed the developments
aimed at improving the situation of Travellers, including
the continued monitoring and implementation of the Report
of the Task Force on the Travelling Community, including
the forthcoming report from the Monitoring Committee, and
the support of initiatives involving NGO's, including the
'Citizen Traveller' campaign and the Pavee Point Mediation
Service.
Under the third theme of education and awareness raising, the Minister emphasised
the need for human rights and anti-racism education initiatives in schools, which will build on existing policy and referred to the intercultural approach advocated in the recent White Paper on Adult Education. On the issue of public awareness generally, the Irish Government has approved in principle a major anti racism public awareness campaign.
On the theme of information, communication and the media, the Minister
referred to the importance of the media in tackling racism.
He referred to the huge problem of 'hate speech' in the
media and called for action in establishing good practices
in this whole area.
Section One of the main report concluded with an overview of the background and preparations for the European Preparatory Conference and the NGO Forum by Justin Harman, Permanent Representative of Ireland to the Council of Europe. He outlined the role of the Council of Europe in addressing racism and the ways in which NGO's can participate in the European preparations.
Executive Summary: Section Two
Section Two provides an overview of the
challenge of addressing racism in Ireland from four different
perspectives. Tania Kaur McFarland, representing the EU
Migrants Forum and the India Club, addressed the issues
facing migrants living in Ireland, their concerns about
the burden imposed by the level of regulation and bureaucracy
and the potential for such regulation to be construed as
a form of discrimination. She concluded by urging that rather
than responding when some national crisis occurs that 'what
we need now is to have a vision of what our society should
be like in the future. It appears that the world is moving
towards a high degree of racial and ethnic integration and
Ireland cannot escape that reality.'
Martin Collins, of Pavee Point Travellers Centre, and a member of the Board of the NCCRI, outlines the socio economic circumstances of Irish Travellers and concerns about the pace of change, despite recent advances in policy. He spoke of the need to promote greater solidarity between Gypsies, Roam and Travellers at both European level and within Ireland. He referred to the growing acceptance of the concept of institutional discrimination, which can happen both intentionally and unintentionally? ?In our case what this means is services are designed by the majority population for the majority population?. He concluded by emphasising the role that non-government organisations have played in the fight against racism and the need to ensure that this role is adequately resourced.
Dr. Jean Pierre Eyanga, a member of the
Congo Solidarity Group and a refugee, looks at the racism
experienced by refugees and asylum seekers and concludes
that while his and many other refugees and asylum seekers
experience in Ireland have been positive, there is increasing
concern at a perceived resurgence in racism, including racially
motivated violence. He urged that services provided by the
State, including the Gardai and school authorities, should
be more responsive to the issues and concerns raised by
refugees and asylum seekers. He raised concerns about the
provisions related to refugees and asylum seekers in the
new immigration legislation and said that he hoped 'that
the Irish Government will adopt the same urgency when it
considers measures to protect the community against racism
and xenophobia'.
Rose Tuelo Brock, originally from South
Africa and now living in Galway in the west of Ireland,
is a member of Galway One World and Women from Minorities
in Europe. Rose Brock speaks form the perspective of the
racism experienced by Black people in Ireland, irrespective
of their legal status, and in particular emphasises the
specificity of the racism experienced by Black women. Her
input also draws attention to the potential of racism in
influencing our perceptions of 'Developing' countries. She
challenged the concept of 'toleration' as 'in my opinion,
when you tolerate something, it is because you are uncomfortable
with it, uneasy and threatened' I do not want to be tolerated.
I want to be affirmed and accepted because
I have the right to be.
Section Two concludes with a plenary discussion
with points raised by the main body of the conference, including
the urgency of ratifying the CERD; the need for a gender
dimension 'up front' in the development of anti racism policies;
the importance of the 'moral authority' of politicians in
tackling racism; the need to enhance programmes in schools
and the urgency of the resources needed to enable NGO? s
to contribute to addressing racism.
Executive Summary: Section Three:
Section Three divides into four themes, which reflect the four themes of the European Preparatory Conference. Each theme was discussed at the conference in workshop format. This section of the conference was introduced by Joan Harbinson, Chief Equality Commissioner in Northern Ireland, whose input highlighted the growing concern about racism in Northern Ireland; the role of the Equality Commission in the North and the importance of the North/South co-operation in tackling racism and developing the broader equality agenda.
The first workshop theme was 'legal protection
against racism.' An input on this theme is given by E. Barry,
legal adviser to the Equality Authority. She focuses on
how the equality legislation (the Employment Equality Act
and the Equal Status Act) tackles discrimination and racism
and the implications for this legislation arising out of
the EC Directive on racism. She concludes with a number
of observations, including the potential of Equality Reviews
and Codes of Practice to impact on racism. The second input
is from Donncha O Connell, Director of the Irish Council
for Civil Liberties, who looks at the potential of other
legislation to impact on racism in Ireland, including legislation
prohibiting incitement to hatred, the European Convention
on Human Rights (ECHR) and the International Convention
on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination
(CERD).
The second theme is 'policies and practices
against racism'. An overview on this theme is given by Philip
Watt, Director of the NCCRI, looks at the need to mainstream
and to build on existing policy and to develop a national
plan to tackle racism in Ireland. The second input is given
by Catherine Clancy, Chief Superintendent in the Community
Relations Section of An Garda Síochána (Irish
Police), who gives an overview of recent initiatives developed
by the Irish police in response to the challenge of policing
an intercultural society, in the context of greater awareness
of the issues involved within Ireland and European initiatives,
such as the Rotterdam Charter (1996). She concludes, 'The
Charter will be the framework on which we will hang our
work in this area in the future, however it is only a framework,
the strategies, practices and policies, which must be developed
around that framework, are our responsibility and challenge.
The third theme is 'education and awareness
to combat racism'. An input on this theme is given by Senator
Joe O Toole, General Secretary of the Irish National Teacher's
Organisation, who looks at the overall challenge of building
an inclusive and pluralist state in Ireland. He draws attention
to the racism experienced by Irish emigrants, which has
been well documented and states there is a huge burden of
responsibility on us to present the diversity of cultures
in Ireland as an enrichment of our society. The second input
is from Kensika Monshengwo, Training Officer in the NCCRI
who looks at the key elements and approach advocated by
the NCCRI in the forthcoming National Public awareness programme
to address racism in Ireland. He emphasises the need to
adopt a sustainable approach to awareness raising and the
importance of the participation and support by NGO's.
The fourth theme is 'information, communication
and the media'. Inez McCormack President of the Congress
of Trade Unions examines the role of information and communication
strategies in developing an overall strategy and approach
to combat racism. She stresses the need to repeat and express
the principles expressed in the Universal Declaration on
Human rights, the need for a realizable plan of action to
put the principles into practice and to have clear aims
of providing standards, structures and remedies. Nuala Haughey,
a journalist with the Irish Times newspaper discussed the
important role played by the print media in relation to
racism, the consequences of irresponsible journalism and
outlines possible future strategies aimed at tackling the
issues identified. She concludes by saying that the National
Union of Journalists is gravely concerned at the influence
of market forces on the quality of news and current affairs
and the drive to satisfy the lowest common denominator in
terms of populist sensationalism.
Section 4 is the final plenary of the conference, which was chaired by Niall Crowley, CEO of the Equality Authority. The summation of the conference concludes that there is strong evidence from the conference of considerable commitment and consensus to addressing racism and the report of the conference might usefully serve to as a means to bring these ideas and experiences to Strasbourg and South Africa, and to provide foundation for a future national action plan in Ireland. The general conclusions and recommendations arising from the conference are as follows:
Executive Summary: Section Four
This section outlines the main conclusions and recommendations from the Preparatory Conference that were drawn from the feedback from the four thematic workshops inputs to the conference and discussions at the conference plenary sessions, and are as follows:
- The work of this conference is neither a beginning nor an end of a process. It reflects work done on the issue of racism by many groups over the past decade. It looks forward to further dialogue together on the outcomes of the Council of Europe meeting, the preparations for the Global Summit, and the implementation of the Global Summit conclusions.
- The conference discussions not only reflect a significant consensus on what needs to be done about racism, they provide evidence of a widespread commitment to addressing racism in Irish society. This is a commitment that should find expression at the European and Global meetings.
- The conference report should serve not only to take ideas and experiences forward to Strasbourg and South Africa but also as a foundation for a future national action plan in Ireland.
- The following points were agreed at the conference:
- Racism is a violation of human rights.
- Action against racism could valuably be island-wide and be rooted in north-south cooperation.
- Our focus on racism needs to be inclusive, embracing groups whatever their legal status and taking account of groups such as Travellers and Roma.
- The racism experienced by women needs to be specifically named and acknowledged and specific measures taken to address them.
- Under the legal heading, the core theme emerging is one of adequate legislation and adequate remedies. The importance of, and need for, building on and enhancing the current legislative base was stressed. Of particular interest are commitments to review the Prohibition of Incitement to Hatred Act, to transpose the EU Directive on racism into Irish Law and to ratify the International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination.
- Under the heading of policy and practices, the need to focus on outcomes is stressed. Positive action emerges as a key theme here with the challenge to address the impact of past discrimination and to the implications of cultural diversity. Institutional change and mainstreaming is another key theme to emerge. Mainstreaming involves:
- Placing anti-racism and interculturalism as an objective of all policy making.
- Proofing decision making for impact on Black and minority ethnic groups.
- Securing and researching the participation of Black and minority ethnic groups in decisions that impact on them.
- Developing a database, capable of tracking progress and identifying barriers.
- Trade, aid and debt policies can generate global inequalities that feed racist stereotypes. These are issues of particular importance to a global conference on racism.
- Under the heading of education and awareness raising the strong inter-relationship and overlap between the four headings chosen for the Council of Europe Conference was highlighted. Early intervention, an anti-racist dimension to lifelong learning and curriculum development are identified as the key themes in relation to the provision of education. Another theme that emerges under this hearing related to changing the ethos of institutions. This requires adequate programme of anti-racist training with clear links to institutional policy making and practice.
- Under the final heading on information, communication and the media, a key issue emerging is the need for media that empowers. This is a media where Black and minority ethnic reporters are employed and where Black and minority ethnic perspectives and issues are heard. A second key issue is the need to address irresponsible media. This is media where there is carelessness in the use of language, that reinforce stereotypes and which engages in hate speech. The third issue is the need to develop effective information and communication strategies as an integral part of an overall national plan to address racism.
